Everyone knows that gasoline engines either have a fuel injector or are equipped with a carburetor. But if you ask the first car enthusiast that comes across, what is the difference between an injector and a carburetor, then you can hardly get a clear answer. Many people only know that these units perform the same function - they form a combustible mixture to supply it to the engine. But what is the difference between these units?
Operating principle
Carburetor is a device designed to create an air-fuel mixture and regulate its flow. When using a carburetor, the fuel mixture is sucked into the engine due to the resulting pressure difference between the atmosphere and the intake manifold.
Injector is an electronic fuel supply system in which the quality of the air-fuel mixture is electronically controlled. In an injection system, fuel is injected into the air stream by special nozzles. The combustible mixture enters the engine cylinders by injection directly into the combustion chamber. Currently, an injector is installed on almost all modern cars.
Comparison
The carburetor generates the rich air / fuel mixture required by the engine to perform a particular job. At the same time, the same amount of mixture is sucked into the engine, regardless of the speed, and therefore there is significant fuel consumption and severe pollution of the exhaust gases.
When using the fuel injection system, a lean air-fuel mixture is supplied to the engine in an exact dosage, which is determined by the control unit. Precise metering of fuel results in economical fuel consumption and a significant reduction in exhaust gas toxicity.
The use of an injector allows an increase in engine power up to 10% and an improvement in the dynamic properties of the vehicle. The injector is more picky about gasoline than the carburetor. It does not depend on temperature changes, while the carburetor freezes in winter and overheats in summer.
In terms of reliability, the carburetor is relatively simple and requires virtually no maintenance during operation. But this is provided that there is a fuel filter and high-quality gasoline is used. Under real conditions, the carburetor is prone to frequent breakdowns due to poor fuel quality. But at the same time, many car owners are able to repair the carburetor on their own, and spare parts for the unit do not differ in high cost.
The injector is more reliable in operation, but its repair is difficult. At the same time, injector diagnostics can be carried out only with special equipment, and the units and sensors of the unit are distinguished by their high cost.
Conclusions TheDifference.ru
- In the carburetor, the fuel mixture is sucked into the engine, and in the injector it enters the engine cylinders by injection.
- The carburetor is unstable while the injector keeps the engine running efficiently.
- Injector operation does not depend on weather conditions. The carburetor freezes in severe frosts.
- The injector provides less polluted air emissions.
- An injection engine picks up speed more easily than a carburetor engine.
- The use of the injector saves up to 40% of fuel.
- The injector is less prone to breakage than the carburetor, but it is expensive to repair.
- The injector is more picky about fuel quality.
